2,446 search results for “specified force” in the Public website
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Political discourses and the securitization of democracy in post-1991 Ethiopia
This thesis attempts to interrogate post-1991-2015 political development in Ethiopia, focusing on the political discourses espoused by the government and opposition, using the discourse analysis method and securitization theory.
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Maintaining Order: Public Prosecutors in Post-Authoritarian Countries, the case of Indonesia
On 21 January 2021, Fachrizal Afandi defended his thesis 'Maintaining Order: Public Prosecutors in Post-Authoritarian Countries, the case of Indonesia'. The doctoral research was supervised by Prof. A.W. Bedner and Prof. J.H. Crijns.
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Transnational Anti-Communism and the Cold War: Agents, Activities, and Networks
How was anti-communism organized in the West? New volume edited by Giles Scott-Smith, Luc van Dongen and Stephanie Roulin on the aims, arguments and associations of a range of transnational anti-communist activists during the Cold War.
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Evaluation of the Dutch Youth Act
This research evaluates the Youth Act. It will provide an overview of how the transition takes place, whether the transformation process develops in the right direction and whether the legal safeguards are functioning properly.
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PiP Research Internship Leiden University Digitalization Strategy
Blended and hybrid teaching are presented as crucial in promoting teaching innovation, as well as more flexible study approaches allowing students to develop their own tailor-made study programmes. While the strategy document focuses on the positive aspects of digital teaching tools, no systematic study…
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Direct and non‐linear innovation effects of demographic shifts
Kohei Suzuki, Assistant Professor at Institute of Public Administration, and two other authors researched the topic of innovation by governments in response to expected population decline.
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Diplomatic Negotiation – Essence and Evolution
Negotiation can only really be an alternative to warfare, if the parties agree on a framework of rules and procedures. And if the confidence of the partners may increase in another. But negotiations continue to wage war by peaceful means.
- Managing the nuclear threshold: Non-nuclear allies in NATO decision-making
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Reading Rubbish
Using object assemblages to reconstruct activities, modes of deposition and abandonment at the Late Bronze Age dunnu of Tell Sabi Abyad, Syria.
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Security by behavioural design
In 2021, the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) asked Leiden University to conduct a rapid review of best practices and possibilities for follow-up research on the integration of behavioral sciences in security by design methodologies and projects. This academic field is called security by behavioral…
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About ELS
Leiden Law School established the Empirical Legal Studies Lab to support legal research and education using empirical methods during the Law Sector Plan (2019-2025). This page now functions as an archive.
- About this minor
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Women in the 1970s
The Dutch women’s movement began around 1967 with the discussion of the disadvantages that women faced in daily life. In 1968 the MVM (Man-Vrouw-Maatschappij) was born and played an important role as a public voice demanding female education programs and inclusion in the workforce.
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Extra-curricular
Are you interested in taking up an extra challenge during your master’s programme? Have a look at our variety of opportunities.
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General Labour History of Africa: Workers, Employers and Governments, 20th-21st Centuries
The first comprehensive and authoritative history of work and labour in Africa; a key text for all working on African Studies and Labour History worldwide.
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INFLANET - Training European Experts in Inflammation: from the molecular players to animal models and the bedside
How is inflammation in tuberculosis controlled by interplay between autophagy and inflammasome signalling?
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CarboNcare: Carbon-efficient bioproduction of chemicals from methanol
Can bacteria be engineered to convert methanol into valuable chemicals with high efficiency?
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Gendered Ritual and Performative Literacy: Yao Women, Goddesses of Fertility, and the Chinese Imperial State
Mei-Wen Chen defended her thesis on 29 June 2016
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Conflict continuities
Many conflicts in Africa have been studied and described as location and time bound. Yet conflict is rarely confined and contained, and instead reaches across communities, borders, and generations.
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Can traditional forest management protect and conserve ironwood (ulin) stands? An option and approach in East Kalimantan
Promotores: G.A. Persoon, H.H. de Iongh
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Gain work experience
Develop your skills, create campaigns and activities, and turn ideas into reality. Through Una Europa, you can gain work experience together with an international community.
- Diplomacy and Global Affairs Research Seminar Series
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Resolving financial distress and insolvency
Restructuring and insolvency laws play a pivotal role in addressing the often conflicting interests of stakeholders of financially distressed companies. Whereas financial distress is an inherent risk of entrepreneurship in market-based economies, legal tools serve an important role to ensure an orderly…
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LUCIR Talk: What Peace Science Teaches us About the Conflict(s) in Iran
Lecture
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New insights into characteristics of Conduct Disorder with "limited prosocial emotions"
In a recent study, Dr. Moji Aghajani and colleagues show that adolescents with a severe form of Conduct Disorder (CD) -with limited prosocial emotions- require an unusually large amount of brain capacity to read emotional faces. These effects were found in comparison to CD youth without limited prosocial…
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Professor Matthias Haentjens appointed member of European Commission’s Expert Group
Professor of Financial Law Matthias Haentjens is recently appointed member of the European Commission’s Expert Group on Conflict of Law regarding Securities and Claims. The Group’s tasks shall be to assist the Commission with its work on conflict of laws on third-party effects of transactions in securities…
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Insulating phenomenon in superconductor
Leiden physicist Milan Allan and his group have discovered an apparent paradox within a material that has zero electrical resistance. They measured trapped charges, while charges should in theory keep flowing in the absence of resistance. The discovery could provide a missing piece of one of the big…
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African Studies Centre Leiden Research Programme
The African Studies Centre Leiden’s Research Programme for 2025-2029 is called ‘African Trajectories: Past Dependencies and New Directions’. Building on its former programme, it extends the recognition of Africa’s pivotal role in world affairs. The continent’s global significance has become increasingly…
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Research
An overview of the research at the Cancer Dug Target Discovery group.
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Colonialism and slavery
For a long time, the painful history of colonial slavery received too little attention. People whose ancestors lived in slavery are now asking critical questions about how we should address that past. Leiden University researchers study the history of colonialism and slavery and their long-term impact…
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Citizenship: relationship between citizens and state
Leiden researchers study the extent to which Asian citizens can invoke the rights that they have on paper. This knowledge helps them advise the different levels of government and NGOs on how to improve the lot of poor citizens in particular.
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Research
Labour law is constantly changing. Concurrently, the laws dealing with workers address fundamental issues which are invariably of major significance and value. The research carried out at the Department of Labour Law and Social Security focusses on both the (constant) changes in labour law and social…
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Into the cold: The adaptive role of pyrotechnology among the earliest modern humans in Europe, ca. 45,000–20,000 years ago
The routine assumption that Upper Palaeolithic early modern humans in Europe were regular fire users who produced fire at will has never been tested against the archaeological record. Utilizing literature, database and microwear analytical approaches, this project seeks to establish the role and forms…
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Just Peace Dialogues
The Just Peace Dialogues were a set of meetings for public deliberation of key aspects of building peace in today’s world. The dialogues were held across seven days at the heart of the Just Peace Festival (16 - 22 June 2025).
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Sustainable international trade
The relationship between States and foreign corporations are regulated by international economic law and international investment law in particular. Any disputes between States and foreign corporations must therefore also be solved by reference to this body of public international law, for example when…
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Getting to the Core of Crimmigration. Assessing the Role of Discretion in Managing Intra-Schengen Cross-Border Mobility
To what extent are there differences between countries in and outside the European Union and the Schengen area in the level of crimmigration, the merger between migration control and crime control, and to what extent can these differences be explained by the way in which state and non-state actors in…
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Cards of A Party Regime: Controlled Election and Mobilized Representation in Chinese Local Congresses
China is a one-party regime, yet elections are held for the local congresses. PhD candidate Wang Zhongyuan investigated how the Communist Party uses this democratic instrument to strengthen the authoritarian regime. PhD defence 31 January.
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About this minor
The minor ‘(Inter)national Tax Planning and Policy’ offers a programme for career-oriented students, combining a strong focus on skills development with state-of-the-art knowledge of the (inter)national tax arena in which the interests of stakeholders – businesses, citizens, NGO’s, governments and states…
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Violence, Interventions, and Policing (MSc)
What is the nature and scope of violence? Who offends, and in what context? Who are the victims? And how can we design suitable intervention and prevention strategies? In this track, you will be familiarised with the many faces of violent offending, to provide the knowledge and tools to understand,…
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Diplomatica: A Journal of Diplomacy and Society
Diplomatica: A Journal of Diplomacy and Society addresses the broad range of work being done across the social sciences and the humanities that takes diplomacy as its focus of investigation.
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eLaw Conferences
eLaw organises a range of impactful conferences bringing together experts from law, technology, and society to discuss major developments in the field.
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Small-State Influence in EU Security Governance: Unveiling Latvian Lobbying Against Disinformation
Sophie Vériter explores a small state’s impact on EU security governance, a hard challenge means against big states in this policy area.
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Adrift on an ocean of rules
Gerrie Lodder has published an article in the Dutch legal periodical Nederlands Juristenblad on the exploitation of labour migrants from the perspective of human rights.
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Biodiversity Research & Education Program Suriname (BioREPS)
How can we monitor and protect biological and cultural diversity in Suriname best? What can we learn from local knowledge and customs associated with biodiversity? How can we understand current species, acoustical, behavioural, and ecological diversity from an evolutionary perspective? Can we predict…
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Selling the UN: Public Diplomacy for a New World Order
How was the future United Nations Organization promoted to global publics during WW II?
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PREPARE
Promoting collaborative policies of inclusion relating to children of far right and Islamist parents in Western Europe (PREPARE).
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Research Themes
Members of the collective explore what it means to be ‘human’, in the past and present, from a range of different perspectives and inter-disciplinary approaches.
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Corporate Governance & Strategy
The research group Corporate Governance and Strategy investigates how, with whom and for whom a firm/corporation creates/captures value, in order to inform practice and rule makers about governance issues. By focusing on the dual character of the firm as an entity by itself but also consisting of stakeholders,…
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Historical Muslim Societies
How did institutions and structures operate throughout the Muslim world from the earliest history of Islam into the early modern period?
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Networked practices of contact
Cultural identity at the Late Prehistoric settlement of Aguas Buenas, Nicaragua, AD 500-1522