9 September 2026

The Board of Examiners has reviewed its Examination Rules and Regulations for both the bachelor’s and master’s exams and has amended certain sections. There are a number of substantive changes. These substantive changes mainly concern:

• Article 1.2 (Definitions): a definition of “generative AI” has been added;
   
• Article 4.2.7 (Quality assurance of examinations): This article stated that when designing and putting together an exam, at least 'two teachers, including at least one examiner' should be involved. Pursuant to the new article, at least two examiners must be involved in designing and putting together an exam (four-eyes principle). It’s worth mentioning that, in line with the four-eyes principle, it is sufficient if one examiner is primarily responsible for designing the exam and a second examiner reviews the exam and provides feedback. The second examiner doesn’t need to be involved in teaching the course itself, especially if the course is an elective taught by just one examiner;
   
• Article 4.7.6.2 (First and second examination attempts): The first sentence of this article read: “No retakes are offered for practical assignments, with the exception of the examiner having the authority to determine that in special circumstances a student is eligible to carry out a substitute retake assignment.” Given the definition and interpretation of the term ‘'practical exercise' this is incorrect, and the provision also conflicted with the OER, which states that the Board of Examiners determines the method of a retake of a practical assignment. To better align with practice, the first sentence has been changed to: “Practical exercises can be retaken if this is specified in the Prospectus”. The second sentence, “Such a retake assignment must do justice to the learning objectives that were assessed as part of the original assignment” of course has not been amended;
   
• Article 6.1 (Definitions and general rules): added is a provision stating that the use of generative AI constitutes fraud, unless and to the extent that such use is explicitly allowed within the framework of the table for the use of generative AI in written assignments. Furthermore, in this article, the definition of the term ‘irregularity’ has been amended, following case law of the Administrative Jurisdiction Division of the Council of State;
   
• Article 6.4.1: The provisions regarding the examiner's actions in case of fraud now also apply if there is an irregularity;
   
• Article 6.6 (Measures taken by the Board of Examiners in the event of irregularities, and sanctions in cases of fraud): this article now states which measure the Board of Examiners can impose in case of an irregularity. This also aligns with the case law of the Administrative Jurisdiction Division of the Council of State.

The Rules and Regulations can be found on the website.

The students have also been informed about the Rules and Guidelines by email of September 1, with a link to the Examination Rules and Regulations as published on the website. Additionally, they have once again been emphatically advised to take note of the regulations regarding fraud, contained in Articles 6.1 et seq. of the Examination Rules and Regulations.